نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
عنوان مقاله English
نویسندگان English
Ta'ziyeh, as one of the most significant forms of ritualistic drama in Iran, provides a medium for representing sacred, mythical, and transcendental concepts. In many Ta'ziyeh scripts, supernatural beings such as angels, jinn, demons, and extraterrestrial forces play an important role in shaping dramatic action, the conflict between good and evil, and the production of ritual meanings. The present study aims to investigate the modes of representing supernatural beings in the Ta'ziyeh scripts of 'Uj ibn 'Anāq and The Well of Bi'r al-'Ilm, and to analyze their intertextual relationships with the Ardā Virāf Nāmeh. The main research question is how these beings are represented in the aforementioned texts, and what intertextual patterns can be identified between them and the Ardā Virāf Nāmeh. The research method is descriptive-analytical and based on library studies, and its theoretical framework is grounded in Gérard Genette's theory of intertextuality. The findings indicate that despite contextual differences, the Ta'ziyeh scripts under examination employ patterns in representing supernatural elements that are shared with the narrative structure of the Ardā Virāf Nāmeh. In both texts, supernatural beings act as intermediaries between the human world and the sacred, revealing concepts such as reward, punishment, guidance, and the conflict between good and evil. However, the function of these beings in Ta'ziyeh has taken on a dramatic and ritualistic nature, becoming linked to the collective experience of the audience, whereas in the Ardā Virāf Nāmeh, the emphasis is more on didactic and moral functions. Ultimately, the results show that Ta'ziyeh is not merely a reflection of ancient texts, but a creative re-creation of supernatural elements within a dramatic context.
کلیدواژهها English